Night Mother Essay

The play â€Å"Night, Mother† addresses the human condition and how character human depth influences the way readers understand drama. The invisible characters play a large part on how the two main character’s act, and how it influences their dialogue. The father, the son of Jessie, and her ex-husband are mentioned throughout the play, and they set up the dynamic of the story, physically and emotionally. Exploring their human depth and their importance throughout the play helps the reader of the story understand theater and the drama. The father plays a large part in the play Night Mother. In the play, Jessie asks for her father’s gun. She then eventually tells her mother she is going to kill herself with it. In the play, you can tell her and her father are very close. I feel as though Jessie will only use her father’s gun because it’s as if her father is killing her. Cleaning the gun in front of her mother shows that she is making the point that she wants to kill herself. , when she could have just put it on the table or quietly went to her room with it. Throughout the play, you can barely tell the Jessie is completely serious about giving up her life. She stays so placid and calm as she tells her mother, who is in denial at first, but soon realizes as Jessie is making lists of things she will soon have to do on her own, that her daughter is completely serious. They talk about things Jessie has never been good at, like being a mother, a good wife, or having any real skills because of her battle with epilepsy. Ben Brantley from the New York Times states, â€Å"Yet anger and score-settling satisfaction flicker betrayingly across her stark features as she itemizes the long list of minuses that make up her life: her ailures as a wife and mother, her epilepsy, her lack of professional skills, the death of the father who appears to have been the only person she truly loved. † (Brantley) This quotation states that in the play, Jessie has already lost the people she has loved most already in her life. She lost her father, her son is a delinquent and her ex-husband left her because she was incapable of doing many things due to her disease. It sets a very sad tone as the play goes on. Even though Jessie seems to care a lot about her mother, since she has been taking care of her for many years, you can sort of see the bit of hostility throughout the play. Jessie blames her mother for many things that went wrong in her life. Jessie feels as though her mother never loved her father, and her father had the same seizures as she did, which her mother hid from her all along. According to Leah D Frank from the New York Times, â€Å"Next, Jessie and Thelma talk about Jessie’s ex-husband, who Thelma conspired to introduce to Jessie. During the marriage, Jessie fell off a horse, and the accident was thought to have led to her seizure disorder. But one of the truths that has come out was that Jessie began having seizures as a child, but Thelma covered it up. It was something she didn’t want to think about, so she found a way to simply go on. † (Frank) This quote explains that Thelma has been hiding so many things from Jessie, because she thought she was protecting her, but in reality it was really hurting Jessie in the long run. Thelma didn’t like to think about things, she would rather them just go on. But in the end, this really hurt Jessie because when she ‘developed’ her epilepsy, her husband left her. If she knew she had epilepsy beforehand, she wouldn’t of had a failed marriage on her head, and a delinquent son.

Natural Disaster Responses in California

For years, geologists have been predicting that a major earthquake will occur in california. In october 1989, a 7.1 quake hit the san francisco area. Five years later, northridge and southern california experienced an earthquake of similar magnitude. Why too many people is still coming to places like california where earthquakes and natural disasters are predicted? In my point of view, these are the strongest reasons: the most popular place to emmigrate, job opportunities, and better schools, education, and systems. California is the most popular place to emmigrate because it has a great weather, there are too many touristic atractions, many different places you can go to, and there is too many people that come from the same place you came from. I want to use mexican people as an example, they all come for one reason, â€Å"Succed†. They also know they will find a lot of people from mexico in california, specially in los angeles.They also kown that probably about half of the people california would talk spanish so I won†t be really hard for them to communicate with others. Job opportunities is another really strong factor that induces people to come and look for a better life. There are so many jobs in california that is almost a sure thing that anyone would get a job, educated or not educated people, or even if you are not legally able to work in usa you will still get a job. You can easily support yourself with a minimun wage, because you will probably get about 45 or 50 dollards a day when in places like mexico you will just get five dollards for the whole day and doing a really heavy job. Also relatively speaking, everything is expensive in mexico, I mean, here you can get or buy whatever you need for a low price, and you will still have some money left, but in mexico, you will never have enough money unless you are in the high class. â€Å"Schools,† california has great schools, great education level, and better systems than other places. Ucla and usc are some of the great universities california has and if you think about it, everything is related, if you go to a good school and become a really educated person, you will get a really good job and make really good money and then you won†t really worry about a good future because with your education that wiil be garranty. Scientist, doctors, and some other educated people come to usa, not only to california because of all technology that is here and can be helpul. A lot of support from schools, people, and business are another reasons teat encourages you to keep going and get better everyday, and if one day you decide to go back to the place you came from your education will open lots of doors for you. In my personal point of view, I think some people are aware of the disasters that are predicted, some others don†t care or just don†t believe it, nad the other part just come to make some money and come back to their native places. It is a true fact that so many people is still coming to california and when you hear about those things that are predicted, I†m sure you ask yourself why do people still come if they are aware of what†S going on? , well if you think about it I†m sure you will come out with almoist the same answers I just told.

The effect of inflation on stock prices Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The effect of inflation on stock prices - Essay Example inflation is dependent on the time horizons as it is subject to fluctuations over shorter periods but more stable over a long term horizon (Sharpe Steven, 2000). In the global scenario some companies can react to inflation by raising their prices but this can be affected by the competition as others may not be subject to the same inflationary trends within their own insulated economies ((Little, Ken). Inflation results in the rise in prices of the stocks with no corresponding increase in value with the ultimate loss to the investors in that particular stock. Theoretically the stocks are a good hedge against inflation because a company’s earnings and revenues usually grow at the same rate as inflation (Little, Ken). Some of the good inflation hedge instruments are gold, real estate and money market funds. Different sectors in the stock market show variable response to inflationary trends. Fixed instruments like government securities and bonds tend to be secure investments but y ield very poor returns in the face of inflation as the purchasing power of the currency is greatly reduced and moreover the taxes on the gains accumulated over a period of time negate the interest earned over that span. Investments in stocks are therefore recommended to defeat inflation as it serves as an insulator against the devaluation of money as the companies are themselves more worried about the profitability of their assets and take adequate steps and means to tide over inflationary and other trends affecting stock markets. The art of preserving one’s wealth during recession requires great insight into the market situation and switching funds between risky and safe investment instruments from time to time are the hallmarks of a good investor. The true stock market price after adjustment for inflation is the real indicator of the status of one’s investments. If the stock market goes up at a better rate than the inflation, the profits will depend upon the difference between the two

Hotel operation management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Hotel operation management - Essay Example The analysis of this report focuses on analyzing the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats which the seaside hotel faces in the industry. The financial analysis of the three years reveals that the hotel has increased its performance from the first year to the second year. However, from the second years to the third year, there was a reasonable decline in the overall revenue of the hotel. During the third year, the hotel offered discounts to the customer which was not reflected on the sales of the hotel. Further, the third year witnessed stiff competition as the facilities and services of the rival hotels and resorts were ranked higher than that of seaside hotel. This led to a decline in the revenue. The strengths of the company lie in the ability to compete favorably in the industry while encroaching into new markets. As such, Sea side endeavors to undertake several strategies in year 4 which will see the development of the conference facilities which are more updated due to increased demand. The hotel also wished to expand their operations by application of successful and sufficient advertising mechanisms for their different sectors such as conference facilities, bar and restaurant. The purpose of this report is to provide an analysis of Seaside hotel using the financial data of three consecutive years to analyze it performance and trends. The hotel is a 3 star hotel, for this reason it is characterized by a restaurant, bar, small health club, conference facilities and business services. There is also ample car parking and grounds that many a times have brought revenues from the weddings. Over the last three years the hotel has really performed quiet well. The hotel has been able to survive in a competition intensive market and managed to develop more and more into a major hotel in the region. This section will analyze the performance of the hotel for the last three years. It will be guided by the financial analysis of

What are the sources of your political beliefs Essay

What are the sources of your political beliefs - Essay Example I always believe that there is a strong sense of value when one is engaged with political conversations. It is my stand that having the appropriate information of the subject matter will always pave the way for a meaningful understanding at one’s end. Therefore, it is my point that the advancement of communication channels today is a very important source of information primarily in building up the individual’s political beliefs. Furthermore, it is my belief that the environment plays a crucial role on one’s way of life and actual mind set. Here where I believe race and religion at some point, could be essential factors that could help us explain why a person behaves the way he does. The work at hand therefore considers the media, race and religion as significant sources of political beliefs, primarily of the proponent. Societal modernization is said to shape political culture. I agree with this point. It is a common trend from the past that people acquire substa ntial learning about politics and government from television and newspapers. There is a great influence that these media brought to the people’s level of knowledge and belief concerning their existing political culture. Today, the same trend goes on, but there is already inclusion of modern communication system by the aid of cutting-edge communication gadgets. With mobile communication devices that readily connect to one of the most dynamic sources of information today, the internet, people have the ability to connect with the latest political information in the world from almost everywhere. Let us add to the list the coming to life of social networking platforms like Facebook and Twitter that also have significant impact on how an individual may socialize and readily connect to different tribes and tongues around the world. These social networking programs have important contribution to how political information may be imparted from one person to another. These platforms pro vide the opportunity for everyone to express their opinion on the subject matter, allowing others to react and also direct their point of views. Eventually, social networking activities create an environment that at some point may be conducive for substantial learning and expounding of one’s opinions or ideas. Through these, people may potentially acquire the appropriate matter or the so desired information prior to understanding the whole political point of views. Let us take the case for instance of how someone might agree with the political thought linked to the issue of same-sex marriage in the US. There are various groups trying to showcase certain level of advocacy for the legalization of same-sex marriage. These groups have the opportunity to express themselves by establishing networks of friends on the social networking platforms. Here is where everyone has the opportunity to jump right in and engage in a two-way conversation process that provides the occasion to stre ngthen their prevailing political stand on the issue at hand. There may be disagreements along the way, but the entire process is expected to result to something by which people may have to stick on a clear perspective of the subject matter and stand still on their conviction. This only illustrates the idea that the modern media have the great chance to keep everyone highly involved in political-related matters, as these could be the very sources of their political beliefs. This thought is supported by the recent research studies emphasizing that media exposure provides impact in â€Å"shaping the public’s political knowledge, attitudes and behavior† (Innovations for Poverty Action). However, these studies may have significant limitation, which is the linked overestimation of the impacts of media influence as far as people’s pre-existing views is concerned. Here where my second point comes in. The second point is that my personal upbringing coming from my extern al environment provides the opportunity f

Immigration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Immigration - Essay Example 1). â€Å"Immigration is driving America's demographic change, demographers and others who work with immigrants and refugees reported at the APA Expert Summit on Immigration held in San Antonio in early February† (Farberman, 2006). Immigration does not provide the immigrants with a high standard of living until many years after settlement in the host country. Most of the immigrant families fall below the poverty line in terms of living and their children are disadvantaged in terms of poor educational opportunities. This can be estimated from the fact that 30% of the children belonging to the Mexican immigrant families, 29% children of the Dominican Republic immigrants, 34% children of the Cambodian immigrants, and 29% children of the Afghan immigrants in the USA live below the poverty line (Farberman, 2006). While the initial few years are tough for the immigrants, they yield many economic benefits for the nationals of the host country. ... Nevertheless, â€Å"the total gains accruing to some U.S.-born workers are larger than the total losses suffered by others† (Peri, 2010). According to Hirschman (n.d., p. 1), the social perceptions towards immigration are shaped by its economic outcomes as well as an emotional dimension that a vast majority of the Americans feel more comfortable socializing with people they know than with strangers. There is an inherent fear that the immigrants would show reluctance to give up their original values and culture for the sake of integrating in the American society and culture. This fear might be a potential hurdle in the way of native Americans extending the hand of help to the new immigrants to help them overcome the obstacles of assimilation in the new culture. â€Å"This trend in immigration has and will continue to have a significant impact on all U.S. institutions, from schools to the labor force, to media and politics, to health care† (de las Fuentes cited in Farberm an, 2006). To date, most of the research discussing the factors affecting the immigrants or the natives of the host countries is either about old immigrants or their children or the immigrants in general. There is gap in literature about the effects of immigration on the life of new immigrants and the factors affecting the new immigrants’ integration in the host country. This research will particularly focus the population of new immigrants to study these factors. Knowledge of the factors affecting the new immigrants is fundamental to the development and implementation of strategies to remove the hurdles in their way so that they can settle as quickly as possible and start

Negotiation Process Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Negotiation Process - Assignment Example The potential process for carrying out the negotiation activity to generate a win-win situation for the two parties would also be reflected while the different drawbacks relating to the meeting of the negotiation process and ways of countering such would also be rightly dealt with in the paper. A key approach pertaining to the negotiation process that would contribute in researching the negotiators of the government and the potential of government’s operation related to the development and procurement of GPS product can be identified as the Integrative or the Interest-Based Bargaining approach. The Interest-Based Bargaining Approach contributes in generating a collaborative approach such that both the parties to the negotiation aim in understanding others’ needs to help in generating a win-win situation. Use of Interest-Based or Integrative Bargaining approach helps in building of trust between the different parties to the negotiation process such that the same helps in understanding the interests and potential of the other party to the negotiation agreement (Spangler, 2003). Garmin Ltd. operating in United States can be considered as a key competitor relating to the production of small GPS Guidance Equipment. The GPS Products produced by the company contribute in providing street navigation advantages for automobile and motorcycle drivers. Similarly the company also provides navigation facilities for trucks and also helps in planning for trips. The GPS products contribute in generating effective navigation facilities in terms generating effective information and 3D imagery pertaining to landmarks, important buildings and also street names. GPS products produced by Garmin Ltd. are enabled with speech technology and also help in generation of real maps helping in generating effective directions to the drivers. Similarly the GPS products are also enabled with effective features that get linked to

Weekly journal Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Weekly journal - Assignment Example In an interview with Edna, she stated that she reasonably expected both the baby and herself to be healthy throughout the journey of pregnancy and childbirth. She stated that by the time she was pregnant and subsequently gave birth, she was confident that the process was going to be safe. However, Mary indicated that she faced the whole pregnancy period and subsequent childbirth with fear since she was aware of a mother or a baby who was reported dead during childbirth. The whole process was uncomfortably since she was never sure of her fate (Shields, 2010). Nevertheless, she managed to go through the process safely with only minor medical issues that were later managed in the hospital. Currently, there is a great expectation that the changes in technology in regard to childbirth minimizes that the woman feared when giving birth 30 years ago. Edna stated during the interview that she was able to plan her pregnancy since this was the second child. Therefore, she was able to accord the pregnancy increased attention unlike Mary to a third child who stated that she never planned for the pregnancies and dealt with them as they came with intense fear. Consequently, Mary explained that her childbirth took place at home where the management of pain was mainly dependent on the midlife or the family’s skills of assisting her through the process. She reiterated that she experienced so much pain that she cried more than the new born baby. Later she was moved from home to the hospital due to some minor complications she developed. On the other hand, Edna said that she gave birth in the hospital with minimal pain since there was pain reducing childbirth anesthesia that was used on her and she has never developed any complication. Edna indicates that when she gave birth, she had known the gender of the baby and the doctors during clinics were continuously

Assignment 1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 2

Assignment 1 - Essay Example Medical professionals must not only be able to diagnose and treat diseases, but they must also be aware of foods and substances that may be attributed to cultural behavior patterns. Diseases may be transmitted through the consumption of cultural-based foods not found in normal mainstream environments. However, this cultural empathy is not always taught within medical training. Professionals rely so much on their medical expertise that the problems with cultural diversity and cultural awareness are not often understood or applied within a medical environment. In the end, this makes the patient the victim of ignorance and restricts the medical professional’s ability to treat the patient. Furthermore, communication is an important component of cultural diversity and awareness. A patient or research subject must be able to communicate what his or her problems are and the researcher must also be able to ask questions and communicate the treatment methods that are going to occur. Medical administrators must also ask family members and friends specific questions regarding medical history which could come into play regarding research issues and practices. All of this communication is necessary for the treatment and compliance within a research-based institute. Therefore, the need for multi-lingual staff members is crucial, especially in areas where diversity may be the main focus or in geographical areas where diverse demographics may be greater than others. Cultural diversity has impeded the quality of research that can be provided and professionals within the field are only now beginning to understand the impact that culture has on behaviors, treatment and communication . The text illustrates a multitude of dimensions that showcase precisely how important of a role that culture can play on everyday lifestyles. For instance, within the Universal and Culty-Specific Psychological Processes, Matsumoto

Example of the Statement of Claim Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Example of the Statement of Claim - Assignment Example The plaintiff and seller entered into an agreement for purchasing a villa that was to be completed within a specified date. The two signed an agreement that was meant to be followed to the later. The plaintiff performed all covenants, conditions, and promises that had been made. The plaintiff relied on the information in the sales agreement before entering the deal. However, the defendant did not state that he was facing some problems as a result of the emerging financial crisis. As a result of the breach, the plaintiff has been affected financial as a result of the prior commitments that had been made. Concise statement of facts The facts that vary in the case include, a villa that is luxurious was bought on the 3rd of November from the respondent. After that, the claimant responded with a letter on the 7th of January stating that the project of the house was put on hold as a result of a financial crisis that prevailed in the year 2008. The respondent requested that the claimant sho uld stop making any further payments as had been the initial agreement in the making of the deal. After that, the claimant wrote a letter to the respondent asking for a refund of the payments made. However, the respondent did not reply to the letter. The letter had also requested for a termination of the agreement immediately. Later on, in the month of June 2009, the claimant wrote another letter to the respondent requesting for termination of the contract, however, the letter was also not replied to. In the month of August, the claimant requested for a refund of his funds plus an extra interest amount as a result of the failure to comply with the agreement and failing to reply to the letters from the claimant. Points at issue At the signing of the agreement, there were some agreements that were made between the claimant and the respondent. It stated that the date of completion would be stated by the seller. The completion date was approximated to be the month of July the year 2009; however, the date of completion could be extended by a year by the respondent. The seller was also supposed to give the buyer a one month’s notice before the date of completion so that the buyer could get ready to get the new villa. There was also an agreement that would ensure that if the completion date was not within the stipulated time period, the buyer may remedy such a deal and ensure that he gets a refund of all the money within 60 days. The money is returned within 60 days could not be entitled to an interest rate. The return of the payments would constitute the surrender of all the rights. The agreement stated that in case of any disputes, they should be resolved by the use of arbitration. Claimant’s arguments The claimant may argue that there was a breach of contract.  

The Role of Early Relationships Essay Example for Free

The Role of Early Relationships Essay In this assignment I will discuss the role of early relationships in the development of child behaviour. This involves many factors such as the family, child rearing styles, theory and development of attachment. I will discuss and explain experiences which I have come across within the childrens sector and how these are influenced by the developmental theory. I will then discuss in depth how the main developmental perspectives play a part in early years. P3. The role of family when considering child rearing is vital as this is where the bonding process begins; as this bond is formed the child develops an attachment to the person therefore creating a relationship. This bond in the beginning is primarily developed with the babys main care provider, not necessarily the mother, as children are brought up in diverse family structures. Family structures such as: nuclear family which involves both parents being together to bring up the child not relying on others for support, lone parent families which is either the mother or father bringing the child up with out the support of a partner, reconstituted families where two adults become partners whilst parenting children from a previous relationship and finally extended families where there is a close knit support from other family members such as grandparents who live together with the parent(s) and child. Many families dont fit ideally into just one of these support units and may be a single parent family with the close support of other family members even though they do not live together as one family unit, this then affects the people which the child develops primary attachments with as the parent may work and the grandparents become the main childcare providers for the child therefore forming multiple attachments. P3. The ways in which child rearing has developed over time has changed dramatically not only due to the ways in which a family is structured but how the care is managed. The first theory of child rearing was developed by Truby King he suggested babies should be toilet trained as young as possible, have a feeding routine and spend lots of time outdoors in order to reduce the chances of infant mortality and disease therefore cutting down the adult to child contact. We now realise that this would affect the childs opportunities to bond, develop relationships and attachment with its carers. During the 1950s and 1960s Benjamin Spock, whos theory is more child-lead than the previous, emphasised the importance of building a strong relationship between the child and its carers by encouraging parents to be more flexible with the child illustrating more affection listening to the childs individual needs but still appreciated the need for a routine. His suggestions, which were published as a guide to parents, counteracted the strict advice of paediatricians and doctors at this time. Medical professionals insisted that unremitting feeding routines should be undertaken whilst they also disapproved of parents openly showing affection towards their child. What good mothers and fathers instinctively feel like doing for their babies is usually best after all (Spock B, Saidwhat.co.uk) His theory was focused on the physical aspect of relationship development believing that the child should be wrapped up to give them the feeling of security as they had in the womb of their mother, he believed that routine changes and feeds every four hours would suffice the child and leave them feeling happy, he also believed that a babys every cry should not be answered if the routine was in place as they didnt physically need anything more. P3. Penelope Leach developed further this approach suggesting that child rearing should be child-centred rather than child lead, meaning that responding to the childs social, emotional and cognitive needs not only reaffirmed the child but also the parents by allowing more bonding time. She helped parents understand their childs needs and cries, suggesting on-demand feeding is a better approach than feeding at set times as it better suits the childs individual needs. Leach therefore allowed parents to be carers of their child permitting them to spoil their child with love and affection rather than being there to enforce control and discipline. P3. Kitzinger looked into this further in the mid 1970s and believes that a child should be cared for in a way that is natural and instinctive for both the child and the mother. Sheila Kitzinger says that parents need to see their children as social beings that need human interaction and companionship not just servicing by being fed, bathed and changed.

Public Myth vs Social Reality Essay Example for Free

Public Myth vs Social Reality Essay Pierre Bourdieu asserts that public opinion does not exist. This poses the question, how should we conceive public opinion? If it is true that the public does not exist, than the real question is, whose opinion is public opinion? Rational Choice Theory poses that idea that human beings form their opinions and decisions based on collective observations and calculations. It also assumes all individuals are well informed of all of their options and that it is an inherent human tendency to think everyone makes decisions this way. If this is true, it would explain the blind faith people have in public opinion. It is a faith so devout, it often sways and molds popular culture ideals. Pierre Bourdieu strongly negates this view. Pierre Bourdieu is a highly acclaimed French sociologist. Born on August 1, of 1930, he recently passed away on January 23, 2002. His views embody the disciplines of many tenets including: philosophy, literary theory, sociology, and anthropology. He is the protagonist of the world of sociological studies, and he opposed and debunked some of the most prevalent antagonisms in the genre. His most popular work is Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgment of Taste. In the 1967 study, he interprets how members of the upper class define taste as an aesthetic. He finds that the public has no genuine representation in democratic societies. Rational Choice Theory is the theory that assume human beings naturally choose a given path dependant on whether it is the best means to achieve their goals. It is a belief in methodological individualism; this meaning it adopts the belief that social situations, and group behavior is solely the result of individual action. Within this theory, corporations and national governments are viewed as individual operators as well. The problem that arises with this theory are the certain assumptions. This theory assumes human beings are aware of certain information, of which they aren’t always aware, and it assumes that individuals consistently make mental calculations to determine their next decision. Bourdieu is historically known for his opposition to this theory, based on the fact that he feels human beings operate more based on how they feel toward a given situation or at a given time. In his book, Outline Theory of Practice, Bourdieu analyzes human nature. He points out the human tendency to conform. Doing one’s duty as a man means conforming to the social order, and this is a fundamentally a question of respecting rhythms, keeping pace, not falling out of line. ‘Don’t we all eat the same wheat cake? Don’t we all get up at the same time? These various ways of reasserting solidarity contain an implicit definition of the fundamental virtue of conformity. (Bourdieu, 1977) He later goes on to show that conformities only other opposition is eccentricity, which becomes natural for those intrigued by it irregularity. The opposite of which is the desire to stand apart from others. Working while the others are resting, staying in the house while the others are working in the fields, traveling on deserted roads, wandering round the streets of the village while the others are asleep or at the market – these are all suspicious forms of behavior. The eccentric who does everything differently (Bourdieu, 1977) Bourdieu believes that society cannot just be analyzed in terms of economic classes and ideologies, but that individual education and culture must be applied as well. Bourdieu does not separate people based on class and then analyze them, but groups everyone into what he calls a field/ social arena. This contradicts classic Marxism. In this field people compete and struggle to attain their desires. It is a system of social positions organized by terms of power relationships. This idea of terms of power is most easily defined as the differential between a judge and a lawyer. Within this field the social agents fight over monetary gain, or whatever holds symbolic significance. In all of Bourdieu’s beliefs, his most popular is his assertion that the public does not exist (1984). This concept is addressed in his book, Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of Taste, in that he feels there is a different of class taste between the ruling class and popular culture. But, within this conflict, there is no public, only a media mediating between the two and a culture to which they often cater to do so. Jon Simons addresses this concept in his essay, Governing the Public: Technologies of Mediation and Popular Culture, when he says, technologies constitute the people as a mediated public. The public is only amenable to representation in the form of an electorate which is an effect of technical organization that can mediate between people at a distance from each other. The key point of this analysis is that the public does not exist prior to or outside of its constitution. (Simons, 2002) His essay evaluates the importance of media technologies within a democracy. Bourdieu feels that in this field of power struggle, the ruling class uses their cultural capital to assert their distinction (1984). This is seen in the way politicians might only use terms or syntax understandable to the elite of society. This separation between popular culture and the elite culture of a society makes it virtually impossible for government officials to ever get the unanimous appeal for which they often aspire. Most political elites view popular cultures’ apathy towards politics with great disdain. Even still, they relentlessly attempt to relate to popular culture voters, whom they know will support them. In John Fiske’s critique on television, Television Culture he analyzes the nature of what makes popular television. He concludes that the shows that succeed in gaining popularity tend to have many symbols and plot lines containing multiple meanings. He also states that remain within a duality of containment and resistance (1987). This idea basically revolves around the fact that television producers, who are viewed as the upper class and political elite, are expected to produce material that correspond with popular culture. This material that the elite minority culture produces for the popular culture contradicts elitist ideals but allows the status quo to remain intact. This means the political elite can only remain the elite so long as they humor the beliefs and ideals of their less powerful but more dominant counterparts. The rules Fiske establishes for television shows can very easily be applied to the media. They present the media as a tool being used to prey on the wants and needs of different cultures. Another media technology that isn’t always addressed is the literary outlets in societies. This is undoubtedly the reason that Pierre Bourdieu is an acclaimed literary theorist as well, addressing such theorist as reader response theory. Reader response theory augments the importance of the role of the reader in interpreting texts. It disagrees that there is a solitary, fixed meaning integral to every literary work. This theory embraces that an individual creates his or her own meaning through a transaction with the text based on personal associations. Because all readers bring their own emotions, concerns, life experiences, and knowledge to their reading, each interpretation is subjective and unique. It is common that many people trace the foundation of reader-response theory to scholar Louise Rosenblatts influential 1938 work Literature as Exploration. She believed, close readings of literature should practice impassiveness in the study of texts and should reject all forms of personal interpretation by the reader. The text is an independent entity that could be objectively analyzed using unambiguous methodological criteria (Rosenblatts, 1938). Her work has been the topic of study for many professors and theorists who specialize in this form of analysis. In Fish’s piece, Is there a text in this class? The authority of interpretive communities, he argues that the readings of a text are culturally constructed. He feels that reader-response theory recognizes the reader as an active agent who imparts real existence to the work and completes its meaning through interpretation. Reader-response is an experience that every user goes through during the act of reading, it transpires and it affects reader and sometimes this counteracts to force user to do some practical reaction (Fish, 1986). This aspect of Stanley Fishs theory is one of the most radical and controversial and is part of the reason why many people object to the views backing this movement. He adds further rational to his stance with his view that most of the theories that are formulated on the grounds of practical experiences are likely to be accurate and are easily acceptable. The reader of reader-response theory is not just a hypothetical or theoretical reader, he is a practical reality (Fish, 1986). Since this theory has exact results it effects lives, personalities, cultures and societies. There are also some theories that fail but the reason of their failure is not the notion of being a textual work, it is their impractical approach that disappoints them (Fish, 1986). Fish’s attempt to place reader-response theory in a position of practical perspective more certifies its methodology. His political stance frees other theorists to do more in-depth analysis. Applied to the idea of public interpretation, we see that there is again another outlet for public opinion to be controlled through the targeting of specific popular culture emotions or ideals, and triggering whatever reader response might favor certain positions, or corporations. I’m sure news paper, and magazine advertisers are well studied in reader response-theory. Despite the insurmountable methods of control instilled on individuals, through popular culture, by the media, Simons argues that there are certain times when citizens group together in masses and act on their own apart from the propaganda projected by the media. A prime example of liberal citizens standing up and countering Bourdieu’s perception of public opinion is the Civil Rights movement in America. It was a much needed, and detrimental, shift in popular culture and eventually governmental law. A more contemporary version of this would be Hurricane Katrina, or 9/11. In her article Al Qaeda, Terrorism, and Military Commissions’, Ruth Wedgwood proves that though most American citizens consider terrorism to be a federal and national problem, it is very much a local one. Al Qaeda’s published doctrine maintains that there are no innocent civilians in Western society (Wedgwood, pg2)†¦ She later goes on to analyze the psychological foundation they use to form their tenet. She says,†¦this tenet leads it to [committing] the gravest of international crime[s] (Wedgwood, pg2). All of these qualities impose a large enough threat to individual human ideals and popular culture that a public arises from a nonentity. We also see this with protests. Here is where the weakness lies in Bourdieu’s theory. Despite this, we still see the prevention of certain liberal up risings maintained by systems of control, like racial, sexual and religious prejudice, or even class prejudice through the myth of the American Dream. The American dream that one can become something from nothing is the main reason why America is the fastest growing country. It is often seen as a melting pot encompassing many different religions and nationalities. People move to America with dreams of becoming wealthy, but many of the ideologies that have existed within the country for years inhibit these dreams from coming true. It is Harlon L. Dalton’s belief that Horatio Alger’s writings, during the mid to late 1800’s, promoted a destructive myth that overlooked the realities of society. Dalton specifically targets Alger’s story Ragged Dick, about a young man who devoutly works his way up the American corporate ladder slowly succeeding based on his merit. Dalton feels the myth implied by this is that the American dream is accessible to all those who are willing to work for it. Alger has been a highly acclaimed writer in American culture, and the popularity of his work partly suggests that most Americans have and inherent belief in this myth. If this mindset is a part of the mental tapestry of America, and it is as destructive as Dalton claims it to be, it would mean that American’s are inherently delusional. One might argue that this is only the problem of the minorities in this country, but Dalton protests that part of the want for most Americans to believe in this myth is fueled by a white discomfort with addressing the reality of a racial problem in America. He identifies this when he says, By interring the myth of Horatio Alger, or at least forcing it to coexist with social reality, we can accomplish two important goals. First, we can give the lie to the idea that Black people can simply lift themselves up by their own bootstraps. With that pesky idea out of the way it is easier to see why White folk need to take joint ownership of the nation’s race problem†¦ (Dalton) This idea of dual ownership for racial injustice is a concept Dalton feels most whites avoid and is a concept we see on many occasions being played out by the media in daily society. This is just a perfect example of the power of popular culture to create a sense of public opinion. In Horatio Alger’s day, the sociological circumstance of America was perfectly visible to every individual, but people chose to adopt the popular false reality projected from Alger’s novels. Alger was noted for not being a very skilled writer, and the majority of his novels were written solely for the purpose of maintaining his extremely large fan base, so he made sure his books adhered to certain ideals. Most of these ideals involved the overlooking of racial stratification. Racial stratification that existed in the U. K. at the beginning of the last century also deprived its colored citizens from the access to the most valuable resources the American society had, from the education, proper medical treatment etc. To make the Afro-Americans believe in the uniqueness of the whites they developed ridiculous theories of the mental or physical prevalence of their race. (Banton, 1998) Despite this, America wins the title for being the most racially conflicted, and thus corrupted. This corresponds with Bourdieu’s view that ethnicity and education will be one’s core sources of decision making, as apposed to ideology (1984). The first persuasion, which is that everyone can participate equally and can always start over, is troubling, as throughout most part of the American history, women of any race and men who were Native American, Asian, black, or just poor, were barred from all but a narrow range of elective positions. White men, especially European immigrants, able to ride the wave of the Industrial Revolution to comfort or prosperity, have always been the most valued members of the American society. Those who do not fit to that description, disappear from the collective self-portrait. The situation is that not only has the ideal of universal participation been denied to most Americans, but also the very fact of its denial is been denied in our national self-image. This state of things determines deep misunderstandings and correspondingly deep political tensions. This is especially true for the victims of racial attacks. Social stratification, according to some scientists has always accompanied the life of the human beings, after appearing on the down of the humankind history. The reason for its existence is a very simple one and it’s that the amount of resources this planet can provide is limited, thus it’s impossible to give everything needed or desired to everyone. As we all know people have always been unequal. It was determined by numerous factors even many centuries ago, and nowadays the amount of those factors has increased greatly. Despite of the principles about the equality of all of the societys members that are declared in the contemporary society nowadays, the phenomenon of discrimination still exists in our country. This problem is enforced by Bourdieu’s public opinion created by the media, and heartfelt by many individuals. From one viewpoint it is only natural for people to treat those a certain way in accordance with their age, gender, religious beliefs, physical condition, but when these peculiarities are used for to determine the persons rights or regulate his or her freedom of action and choice, it created huge problems in interpersonal and social communication, and other processes. One is only left to wonder what the state of racism would be in this country if it wasn’t constantly displayed as the symbol of western society. One might argue, like in the case with Horatio Alger, the disregard of racism only resulted in its unacknowledged enhancement. The very purpose of the Civil Rights movement in the states was to allow whites the opportunity to see how black were being treated by the police Lots of books and articles written recently, state that the degree of negative discrimination is still very high in the U. K. , which strings the social relations up, and leads to numerous conflicts within various racial groups. Martha Minow addresses this in many of her writings. In her essay on identity, titled Not Only for Myself Identity, Politics, and the Law, she says, There are two kinds of people in the world†¦those who think there are two kinds of people, and those who do not (Minow, 1997). Her essay reveals the ever segregating nature of Western Civilization, while she takes a clear stance in favor of the universal individual. Her essay takes an in depth look at the attitude that is truly necessary for one to make a lone effort towards furthering the genuine full racial integration of the United Kingdom. Her essay condemns all those who settle into social tribes of convenient sameness. To encourage those who oppose conforming to the common American culture of segregation, she describes in detail the trials of a young Nathan Marx. The story also suggests how an identity is founded on both the views of others and the individual; Marx is treated as a Jew both by his non-Jewish fellow officers and by the Jewish trainees. Both kinds of treatment influence his sense of himself as a Jew. Although he resists both, he defines himself in the course of that resistance (Minow, 1997). Here Minow points out a key factor of equality in that individuals all find equality in others in the fact that they refuse to be solely identified ethnically. Those who rather remain segregated are incapable of seeing others as equal to them and just harbor hate. This is a complexity that the U. K. often shares with the U. S. The ironic factor in this circumstance is that racial and religious separatism is just as much the result of the media as it is the people at adhering to it. If we look at the statistics found by the 2005 United States Census Bureau, the discrepancies in success among ethnicities is quite revealing.

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Causes and Symptoms

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) Causes and Symptoms Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in the Reproductive Woman: An Epidemiological Approach Abstract One of the most prevalent disorders among women with reproductive age is polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). Though the etiology of this syndrome is unknown, it can be diagnosed on the basis of three cardinal characteristics. This paper defines the issue along with a brief background and its significance. It also explores the prevalence and incidence rate worldwide and especially in Pakistan. Moreover, it will enlighten the major risk factors and long term concerns which have made life of women miserable. A review of treatment which includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological ways that is diet and exercises will be highlighted. Furthermore, it provides recommendation at individual, community, institutional, national and government level. It also explores the need of future researches among women with PCOS. By approaching all these aspects, women can combat with PCOS and reduce forthcoming morbidities. Women of all ages experience multiple health issues. Particularly, women during her reproductive years encounter gynecological and endocrine disorders that exasperate their lives. Among all disorders, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy. PCOS was referred as Stein-Leventhal Syndrome after Irving Stein and Micheal Leventhal, who first described it in 1935 (KINZA). However, record of PCOS dates back from atavistic era. Hippocrates, Soranus of Ephesus and Moises Maimonides identified women with oligomenorrhea, sterile conditions, masculine and healthy appearance which suggests PCOS (Azziz, Dumessic, Goodarzi, 2011). According to National Institute of Health Conference (1990), â€Å"Women are defined to have PCOS if they have chronic anovulation and evidence of androgen excess for which there is no other cause† (Guzick, 2004, p. 181). The diagnostic criteria’s for PCOS are convened by the National Institute of Health in 1992, the European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine i.e. Rotterdam criterion in 2004 and the Androgen Excess and PCOS Society in 2006. However, a Rotterdam criterion is widely used. According to Rotterdam criterion, presence of any two cardinal features is sufficient to diagnose a woman with PCOS. These features include oligomenorrhea or anovulation, clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism and polycystic ovaries. This criterion also defines the morphology of polycystic ovaries i.e. â€Å"the presence of 12 or more follicles measuring between 2 and 9 mm in diameter and/or an increased ovarian volume of greater than 10 cm3† (Sirmans Pate, 2014, p. 3). PCOS has a high prevalence and incidences not only in western areas, but also in Eastern areas, specifically in Asia. Rehman, Salahuddin and Obaid-ur-Rehman (2005) estimated 20% women from the general population, and 10% women of reproductive age suffer from PCOS. A study conducted in UK reported that 20% 25% white women suffer from PCOS whereas the ratio was found to be much higher in South Asian women i.e. 52% (Karachi: Seminar told ovarian disease, 2010). A prospective study conducted in Greece, Spain and United States concluded that about 4% 8% of women were diagnosed with PCOS (Teed, Deeks Moran, 2010). In India, a cross-sectional study revealed that 51 out of 96 women have PCOS (Bhattacharya Jha, 2011). Furthermore, 20.7% women of reproductive age group are affected in Pakistan (Baqai, Khanam, Parveen, 2010). The morbidity rate of PCOS is expanding to a great momentum due to lack of awareness regarding preventive measures and inappropriate healthcare facilities. Its long t erm consequences do not limit to the reproductive axis; women with PCOS are at high risk for acquiring metabolic and cardiovascular illnesses (Avery Mayer, 2007). Inspite of its deleterious impacts PCOS has persisted for many years. It also remains a challenge for the clinician’s to diagnose and manage it. However, better understanding of the complexities of PCOS will ultimately lead to improved health outcomes and effective clinical care. This compelled us to converse over the epidemiology of PCOS. â€Å"PCOS has been identified as an area of clinical need and as a public health issue† (Hailes, 2011, p. 28). The exact etiology of PCOS is yet unknown, but several sufficient determinants are associated with its occurrence (Rehman et al., 2005). Insulin resistance is the major underlying factor. About 50-80% of the women with insulin resistance reported to have PCOS. Insulin plays both direct and indirect roles in the appearance of the disease. High levels of insulin work synergistically to the luteinizing hormone. Together they increase the androgen production of theca cells which lead to lipid abnormalities (Zacur, 2003). Moreover, elevated insulin level inhibits hepatic synthesis of sex hormone–binding globulin leading to increase amount of unbound or free testosterone (Ehrmann, 2005). Ahmed et al. (2008) highlighted genetics as an important risk factor for PCOS. Deregulation of the cytochrome P450c17 gene affects ovarian function which results in hyperandrogenism (Ahmed et al., 2008). Ehrmann (2005) reported that an abnormality in the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian axis (HPOA) is associated with PCOS. Rojas et al. (2014) concluded that an increase impulse frequency of HPOA raises the production of luteinizing hormone (LH). This in turn increases the synthesis of androgens, suggestive of PCOS (Ehrmann, 2005). Other factors include altered steroid metabolism that is dysregulation of 11b-hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase (Ahmed et al. 2008). In a retrospective study, women on antiepileptic drugs reported menstrual irregularities. Hence a positive relation between antiepileptic drugs and PCOS was found (Zacur, H., 2005; American Pregnancy Association, 2014). Vitamin D deficiency may place a woman to develop PCOS (Thys-Jacobs, Donovan, Papadopoulos, Sarrel, Bilezikian, 1999). Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) decreases if women have higher body mass index (BMI), fat and insulin resistance. Hence, vitamin D deficiency alters intracellular calcium, which results in ovarian dysfunction (Khan et al., 2014). Untreated PCOS have various ramifications, including reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular and psychological alterations. According to Legro et al. (2013), endometrial hyperplasia and endometrial cancer may occur due to deficiency of progesterone. Moreover, women with PCOS are prone to develop Diabetes Mellitus (DM) type II in later life. A case control study revealed that 7.5% of women end up with DM type II (Legro, Kunselman, Dodson, Dunaif, 1999). In addition, PCOS can affect circulatory system in an indirect way as women develop dyslipidemia and cardiovascular diseases. Anxiety and depression are the most common psychological issues reported by women with PCOS (Way, 2013). Lifestyle modification should be adopted by women suffering from PCOS. These amendments include weight control, stress management and dietary modification. A small amount of weight loss as little as 5% can help a woman to regulate the menstrual cycle and ovulation. Weight control can be beneficial for a woman to sustain mental well-being, and enables her to partially culminate the risk of cardiac and metabolic disorders (Boyle Teede, 2012). Moreover, dietary management includes the consumption of low glycemic index, high fiber and low fat diet to reduce the associated symptoms of PCOS. No ideal pharmacological treatment has yet been found that completely treats PCOS. However, symptomatic treatment is usually preferred. Low dose of oral contraceptive pill, cyclic progestin and metformin are used as first line treatment for PCOS. These drugs help in treating ovarian dysfunction, menstrual irregularities and hyperandrogenism (Garad, Teede, Moran, 2011). Elter and colleagues concluded from their clinical trial that OCP in combination with metformin is more effective in suppressing the androgen level as compared to OCP alone (Ahmed, Qureshi, Anjum, Akhtar, Anhalt, 2008). In presence of hirsutism spironolactone (200mg/d) is commonly prescribed (Guzick, 2004). Clomiphene citrate is recommended to induce fertility in women with PCOS. It triggers FSH secretion and mature ovarian follicle. Herbal therapies are also used to cure PCOS which includes liquorice, kasip fatimah, spearmint tea, etc. All three herbs have anti-androgenic properties. In Turkey, RCT concluded that wo men who receive spearmint tea have decreased levels of free testosterone (Goswami, Khale, Ogale, 2012). Recommendation and future research PCOS is endemic in Pakistan, particularly in the reproductive women. To reduce the incidence rate following recommendation can be helpful. At an individual level, it is significant to provide psychological support to the women suffering from PCOS. This will enhance her self-confidence and enable her to cope effectively. Moreover, counseling services should be readily available for newly diagnosed women. These services should emphasize on weight management via diet and exercise. Proper instructions regarding drug dosage, side effects and the importance of compliance is crucial. The physical changes in the women with PCOS not only impact her well-being, but her family is equally affected. Therefore, family concerns should be addressed. Further, regular follow up should be stressed. It is estimated that 70% of women with PCOS remain undiagnosed in the community due to lack of awareness (March et al., 2010). Therefore, several screening programs should be organized to assess women’s physical, metabolic, and reproductive health. These programs help women to identify any alterations in their bodily functions. Further, it helps health care workers to plan effective need based interventions for them. Community health centers should arrange weekly monitoring of blood pressure, weight and BMI. Health institutions should initiate yearly screening programs for lipid profile, glucose levels (Boyle et al., 2012) and Vitamin D levels. Various mediums can be used to increase awareness in the population. Women should be educated to self-monitor the symptoms of PCOS. This could be achieved through the distribution of pamphlets, brochures, and flyers at institutional level. Similarly, at national level mass media like television shows and commercials, plays an important role. Awareness is an essential tool to save future daughters, wives and mothers from PCOS. Government in affiliation with health and education sectors should make policies to initiate awareness among school going girls, regarding menstrual irregularities and warning signs of PCOS. Also, the government should introduce free health services in district and tehsil hospitals to maintain sexual health of women (Beydoun et al., 2009). In collaboration with non-governmental organizations awareness sessions and support groups should be planned for high risk and previously diagnosed women to prevent them from complications. More parks and walking tracks should be made, and specific hours should be allocated for women. PCOS remains a debating issue for researchers as its causes and outcomes are emerging day by day. Matzke (2011) suggested that large sample studies in non-randomized clinical trials should be conducted. This would increase validity, reliability and applicability of the researches. Longitudinal studies should be conducted, and an individual should be followed for more than 5 years exactly after the diagnosis. The purpose of long term monitoring is to evaluate the significant changes that occur due to PCOS (Matzke, 2011). There is a need to modify the name of PCOS as this term only focuses on cyst and ovaries. Therefore, a name that defines its intricacy and reflects its characteristics in metabolic, hypothalamus, pituitary, ovarian, and adrenal interactions should be suggested (National Institute of Health, 2012). A few studies indicate that fertility drug such as clomiphene citrate may increase the risk of ovarian cyst if taken for a long period (American Pregnancy Association, 2014) . In this regard, further experimental researches should be performed to evaluate the evidence of PCOS in such women. A Chinese medicine cryptotanshinone is known for its significant effect in endocrine and metabolic disorders. However, this medicine is only tested on rats and showed a significant decrease in the symptoms of PCOS (Yu et al., 2014). Therefore, clinical trials of this drug are suggested. Ayurveda is a traditionally used treatment regimen. An experimental uncontrolled study was done to investigate the effectiveness of samprapti kriya and other herbs for curing sub-fertility in PCOS. Results showed that 85% of the women get cured and75% were able to conceive (Siriwardene, Karunathilaka, Kodituwakku, Karunarathne, 2010). About 70% of Pakistani people prefer alternative therapies over conventional medicines (Kokab Ahmad, 2011). Therefore, further research is required to validate the effectiveness of ayurveda treatment. In conclusion, PCOS have emerged as a devastating endocrine disorder among  women worldwide. The chief cause is unknown yet. This syndrome displays a variety of reproductive, metabolic, cardiovascular and psychological features. Management primarily focuses on lifestyle modification along with certain pharmacological medications for presenting symptoms. To eradicate this disorder, efforts are required at individual, community, institution and governmental level. Working on future research needs would help us to achieve better outcomes in upcoming years.

To Pleasant Or Not To Pleasant :: essays research papers

TO PLEASANT OR NOT TO PLEASANT?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Welcome to the world of drugs, sex, crime, and the worst weather you could ever imagine. Or, if it were a choice would you rather jump into the TV and join all your buddies at the perfect place. Nothing is ever out of order, there are no â€Å"F’s† to worry about, you do everything the same way everyday and if you do anything it’s going to be perfect. The largest problem that would come along would be Mrs. Smith’s cat getting stuck in the tree again. Luckytown you ask? No, it’s Pleasantville. Sounds great doesn’t it. Who wouldn’t want to live there? But, there always has to be someone to corrupt everything.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In this story that started out with two siblings that hated each other because of their popularity at school turned into a great movie. The sister was punky and the brother was nerdy, their views on life were very different. When the sister, Reese Witherspoon, plans to have her soon to be boyfriend over to watch the MTV awards her brother, Toby Magurie, has already planned to watch his favorite TV show Pleasantville. As the two fight over the remote control they break it. An old mysterious man shows up claming to be the TV repairman. Both siblings are in wonder why he showed up on their doorstep. They let him in; he ends up testing the brother on Pleasantville. Then he gives the two a big powerful remote that anyone would go crazy over. They are instantly zapped into the TV. When they get to Pleasantville they are both shocked and don’t know what to do. The brother tries to get the sister to play along, but that is not her inner nature. She plays along in f ront of her brother, for a while. She quickly tires of all the sweetness and starts playing with everyone. She shows them bad things and the result of this is color. Everyone starts changing colors and the gray people are revolted by the change, because it’s not what they are used to. As the movie goes through, everything changes. It kind of has the effect of war. One bad thing happens and everyone is effected.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The sister and the brother have to start getting along to keep everyone sane. The idea of the change was the reason why everyone was changing. The teenagers would have intercourse and turn to color, they would read and turn to color, and even chew gum and turn to color.

The Entertainment Universe :: essays research papers

The Entertainment Universe   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  You are walking down a crowded street on a gloomy evening when you come upon a mass of people listening intently to the preaching of a man. The man has an up-side-down cross branded on his forehead. He is screeching his recitation at the people in a demented angry voice. His lessons consist of the following:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pathetic lives, every second someone   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  dies. Delightful is the sight of   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  repention. No destiny, just a certain   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  death. In pain inducing lies salvation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Never repent...   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the name of Satan I condemn this   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  image of god...   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  All christians are destroyed. Unguided   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  by the light. The Satanist rejoice.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Revocate me!... Revocate the   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  agitator.1   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Perhaps most disturbing about the situation is the look of utter devotion many of the young people in the crowd have in their eyes. They believe this mans thoughts and ideas and look to him for guidance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As the intensity of the situation elevates the mass of people begin to violently slam into each other in a chaotic ceremonial dance. The purpose of the dance is to cause and endure as much physical pain as possible. The dance eventually gets so extreme that a young man in the crowd snaps his neck and dies.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The man does not stop his ravings and the crowd doesn't stop their dance. Instead the man becomes entirely deranged, screaming at the body of the young man that he is now going to hell where he rot in flames of agony for eternity. The crowd roars and the man laughs.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  What do you suppose would now transpire? At the very least the man and the crowd would be arrested. More than likely there would be several charges of third degree murder laid, certainly with several convictions. The preacher would most likely be taken to a hospital for a psychological examination, be diagnosed a paranoid schizophrenic, and be placed into an institution for the criminally insane for the rest of his life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The event described above did occur, the man recounted does exist and the ritual dance and corresponding death did transpire. However, no charges were pressed, no psychological evaluations were made, the victim was simply given a funeral and the matter was dropped.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The account above was able to occur because it took place in a universe completely apart from that of the civil universe - the entertainment universe. In the entertainment universe their is practically no law and no limitation. Anything and everything goes. Rape, murder, graphic torture scenes, child molestation, all this and more are a common theme. The discourse of the artists is exhibited to the mass populace in movie theaters, prime time television and

Hollywood and Nathaniel Wests The Day of the Locust Essay -- Nathanie

Hollywood and Nathaniel West's The Day of the Locust Works Cited Missing Although set in the 1930s, Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust ironically resembles contemporary Hollywood. Within the glamorous setting of Hollywood, West’s characters take on multiple roles instead of assuming individual personalities. They put on and remove these imaginary personality masks, similar to those in the Commedia dell’Arte, to exhibit a range of emotions that only their character type would exhibit. Consequently, West’s characters are trapped in this restrictive atmosphere, especially at the end of the novel when they become part of a collective mob. In these manners, the characters in The Day of the Locust exhibit qualities akin to modern actors, proving that they are nothing more than a cast of personages rather than individuals. Hollywood is not simply a point on a map; it is a representation of the human experience. As with any other location, though, Hollywood’s history can be traced and analyzed up to present day. In 1887, Harvey Henderson Wilcox established a 120-acre ranch in an area northwest of Los Angeles, naming it â€Å"Hollywood† (Basinger 15). From then on, Hollywood grew from one man’s family to over 5,000 people in 1910. By then, residents around the ranch incorporated it as a municipality, using the name Hollywood for their village. While they voted to become part of the Los Angeles district, their village was also attracting motion-picture companies drawn in by the diverse geography of the mountains and oceanside (15). The Los Angeles area continues to flourish, now containing over nine million people, an overwhelming statistic compared to Wilcox’s original, family unit (U.S. Census Bureau 1). However, these facts only s... ...ic category. Instead, they have the freedom to shift between different roles and characters. In West’s The Day of the Locust, the characters exhibit traits most closely linked to these new types of Hollywood actors. Although he introduces them as types, he develops them throughout the novel with variable personalities. Todd’s emotions, for example, towards Faye range from sweetly romantic to vindictively dangerous. Yet, these variable personalities do not prove individuality, as the characters can all be labeled as characters, just like all actors are just actors at the end of every movie no matter what role they play. Unfortunately, West’s characters can never escape their fixed roles and established places in the narrative despite how often they attempt to change. They are forever stuck as modern actors in a 1930s Hollywood setting, and therein lies their tragedy. Hollywood and Nathaniel West's The Day of the Locust Essay -- Nathanie Hollywood and Nathaniel West's The Day of the Locust Works Cited Missing Although set in the 1930s, Nathanael West’s The Day of the Locust ironically resembles contemporary Hollywood. Within the glamorous setting of Hollywood, West’s characters take on multiple roles instead of assuming individual personalities. They put on and remove these imaginary personality masks, similar to those in the Commedia dell’Arte, to exhibit a range of emotions that only their character type would exhibit. Consequently, West’s characters are trapped in this restrictive atmosphere, especially at the end of the novel when they become part of a collective mob. In these manners, the characters in The Day of the Locust exhibit qualities akin to modern actors, proving that they are nothing more than a cast of personages rather than individuals. Hollywood is not simply a point on a map; it is a representation of the human experience. As with any other location, though, Hollywood’s history can be traced and analyzed up to present day. In 1887, Harvey Henderson Wilcox established a 120-acre ranch in an area northwest of Los Angeles, naming it â€Å"Hollywood† (Basinger 15). From then on, Hollywood grew from one man’s family to over 5,000 people in 1910. By then, residents around the ranch incorporated it as a municipality, using the name Hollywood for their village. While they voted to become part of the Los Angeles district, their village was also attracting motion-picture companies drawn in by the diverse geography of the mountains and oceanside (15). The Los Angeles area continues to flourish, now containing over nine million people, an overwhelming statistic compared to Wilcox’s original, family unit (U.S. Census Bureau 1). However, these facts only s... ...ic category. Instead, they have the freedom to shift between different roles and characters. In West’s The Day of the Locust, the characters exhibit traits most closely linked to these new types of Hollywood actors. Although he introduces them as types, he develops them throughout the novel with variable personalities. Todd’s emotions, for example, towards Faye range from sweetly romantic to vindictively dangerous. Yet, these variable personalities do not prove individuality, as the characters can all be labeled as characters, just like all actors are just actors at the end of every movie no matter what role they play. Unfortunately, West’s characters can never escape their fixed roles and established places in the narrative despite how often they attempt to change. They are forever stuck as modern actors in a 1930s Hollywood setting, and therein lies their tragedy.

Ethics, Morality, and Legality Essay

Ethics are defined as individual perceptions of what is right or wrong, good or bad based on an individuals morals and values and also based on social values. Too often bribery is mistaken for lobbying. Bribery is illegal and short-term while lobbying is legal and a more permanent solution. There exists certain loopholes in law that allow for bribery to take place in the name of lobbying as was the case for the Winter Olympics Scandal where Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) members gave gifts to International Olympic Committee (IOC) officials in a bid to influence them to pick salt lake city as the venue for the winter Olympics. Punishment for violating ethical and legal codes should be punitive as well as rehabilitative. However reforms should not be limited to the affected person to prevent future occurrences. Ethics, Morality, and Legality Bribery and lobbying are two phenomena that are very often misinterpreted such that it easy to confuse bribery for lobbying. According to the Merriam-Webster’s Online Dictionary, lobbying is â€Å"to promote, as a project, or secure the passage of, as legislation, by influencing public officials† (lobbying, n. d. ). Bribery on the other hand is regarded as illegal, but there has been a great debate as to whether bribery should be considered as unethical or illegal. However, most scholars and business people regard bribery as a phenomenon that ought to be regarded as unethical. There is a difference between these two phenomena that should be explored. Harstard and Svensson, argues that through lobbying firms can be able to change the rules to their advantage (Harstard and Svensson, 2005). As an option the firm may prefer to offer a bureaucrat a bribe so that he may bend the rules for them so that they may avoid the cost of complying. While lobbying results in a change, a bribe only bends the rules. However while a change of rules is more permanent the bureaucrat does not commit to not asking for a bribe in future. Based on a simple growth model, firms tend to prefer to bribe when the expected development is low but prefer to lobby when the expected development is high (Harstard and Svensson, 2005). The Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (15 U. S. C. sec. 78) stipulates that it is illegal for US firms to give bribes locally or internationally. The act defines a bribe as an illegal payment meant to influence or sway an official to award or maintain a business activity. So there has to be possible profit from any venture for which a firm allegedly bribes in order for it qualify as a bribe. In the case of alleged bribery by members of the Salt Lake Organizing Committee (SLOC) to the members of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) to select Salt Lake City as the 2002 Winter Olympics’ venue the committee could have defended themselves in the following way: the committee could have argued that while it is illegal to give bribes, it was not illegal to give gifts and in fact the IOC rules provided for gift offering so long as the value of the gifts did not exceed 150 dollars. Ethics are defined as the beliefs about what is right or wrong, good and bad and is based on an individual’s values and morals and how the behavior is perceived by society. Legal principles are derived from the society’s or a firm’s ethical principles. Since ethical and legal principles are what drive firms and societies in general, they are therefore important. Violation of ethical and legal principles should be punishable by legal sanctions such as imprisonment (Rawl, 1994). The former Volkswagen personnel director Klaus Volkert who sentenced to two years in prison for involvement in a bribery scandal that financed prostitutes and exotic holidays for union officials in order to get their support in management plans. However punishment should not be the only motive behind legal sanctions, the authorities should also aim at rehabilitating the affected person (Punishment, 2003). The remedies should not be limited to punishment of the affected employee rather there should be reforms in the entire organization in order to avert future scandals and to create a better business culture. Ethics drive organizations and societies. Each organization has its own code of ethics which must be followed by its personnel. Often bribery is mistaken for lobbying and might be used by organizations in a bid to achieve its goals. However bribery is illegal and goes against ethics and law. Those who engage in bribery should be punished. References Harstad, B. , Svensson, J. (2005). Bribe or Lobby: It’s a Matter of Development. Retrieved July 18 2010, from, http://www. kellogg. northwestern. edu/base/papers/harstad. pdf Lobbying. (n. d. ) Merriam Webster Dictionary. Retrieved July 18 2010, from, http://www. merriam-webster. com/dictionary/lobbying Punishment. (2003). Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved July 18 2010, from, http://plato. stanford. edu/entries/punishment/ Rawls, J. (1994). Punishment. Retrieved July 18 2010, from, http://ethics. sandiego. edu/Applied/deathpenalty/Rawls. html

Carl rogers Essay

Carl Rogers (1902-1987) was a pityingistic psychologist who agreed with the main assumptions of Abraham Maslow, exclusively added that for a soulfulness to beget, they postulate an environment that provides them with genuineness (openness and self-importance-importance-disclosure), acceptance (being mastern with lordly autocratic take c atomic number 18), and empathy (being listened to and understood). Without these, relationships and healthy mortalalities will not develop as they should, much bid a tree will not grow without sunlight and water. Rogers believed that e real individual stool happen upon their goals, wishes and desires in look. When, or rather if they did so, self tangibleization took place. This was wholeness of Carl Rogers most important contri thations to psychology and for a somebody to r each(prenominal) their authority a number of factors must be satisfied. ego ActualizationThe existence has single sanctioned t removeency and striving to a ctualize, maintain, and enhance the experiencing organism (Rogers, 1951, p. 487). Rogers rejected the deterministic nature of both psychoanalysis and behaviorism and maintained that we deport as we do beca put on of the way we comprehend our situation. As no one else provoke know how we perceive, we ar the best experts on ourselves. Carl Rogers (1959) believed that humans agree one fundamental motive, that is the tendency to self-actualize i.e. to fulfill ones potential and reach out the highest level of human-beingness we can. resembling a flower that will grow to its full potential if the conditions atomic number 18 right, and which is constrained by its environment, so peck will flourish and reach their potential if their environment is unplayful enough. How incessantly, un deal a flower, the potential of the private human is unique, and we argon meant to develop in different ship canal according to our psycheality. Rogers believed that community ar inherently practiced and fictive. They start destructive whole when a poor self-concept or remote constraints override the valuing plow.Carl Rogers believed that for a psyche to achieve self-actualization they must be in a severalise of congruity. This means that self-actualization occurs when a psyches ideal self (i.e. who they would bid to be) is harmonious with their actual behavior (self-image). Rogers describes an individual who is actualizing as a amply carrying into action mortal.The main determinant of whether we will become self-actualized is puerility give. The Fully Functioning someoneRogers believed that every someone could achieve their goals wishes, and desires in life. When they did so self-actualization took place. For Rogers (1961) tidy sum who are subject be self-actualize, and that is not all in all of us, are called fully surgical process somebodys. This means that the individual is in give ear with the here and now, his or her subjective get it on s and feelings, continually growing and changing. In many ways Rogers finded the fully functioning someone as an ideal and one that commonwealth do not ultimately achieve. It is ravish to forecast of this as an end or completion of lifes journey rather it is a process of always becoming and changing. Rogers identified flipper characteristics of the fully functioning person 1. indeterminate to determine both verificatory and interdict emotions accepted. Negative feelings are not denied, precisely worked through (rather than resort to ego defending team mechanisms). 2. Existential living in touch with different begets as they occur in life, avoiding prejudging and preconceptions.Being able to live and fully appreciate the present, not always flavor back to the past or preliminary to the future (i.e. living for the moment). 3. Trust feelings feeling, instincts and gut-reactions are paid attention to and depo turn aroundd. Peoples own decisions are the right ones and we should trust ourselves to make the right choices. 4. Creativity fictive thinking and risk taking are features of a persons life. person does not play safe all the time. This involves the ability to adjust and change and adjudicate new experiences. 5. Fulfilled life person is happy and satisfied with life, and always facial expression for new challenges and experiences. For Rogers, fully functioning the great unwashed are well adjusted, well equilibrate and interesting to know. Often such people are high achievers in society. Critics rubric that the fully functioning person is a product of Western culture. In earliest(a) cultures, such as Eastern cultures, the accomplishment of the group is valued to a greater extent highly than the achievement of any one person. temper DevelopmentCentral to Rogers personality possibleness is the notion of self or self-concept. This is delimit as the organized, undifferentiated set of perceptions and beliefs nigh oneself. The self is the humanistic term for who we rightfully are as aperson. The self is our midland personality, and can be normalisedned to the soul, or Freuds psyche. The self is inclined by the experiences a person has in their life, and out interpretations of those experiences. deuce primary sources that influence our self-concept are puerility experiences and evaluation by differents. According to Rogers (1959), we privation to feel, experience and behave in ways which are consistent with our self-image and which reflect what we would like to be like, our ideal-self. The closer our self-image and ideal-self are to each other, the more consistent or congruent we are and the higher our sense of self-worth. A person is said to be in a deposit of incongruence if some of the conglomeration of their experience is unacceptable to them and is denied or distort in the self-image. The humanistic approach states that the self is composed of concepts unique to ourselves.The self-concept includes three components self-importance worth (or self-esteem) what we think closely ourselves. Rogers believed feelings of self-worth essential in early babyhood and were organise from the interaction of the baby with the mother and father. Self-image How we see ourselves, which is important to good psychological health. Self-image includes the influence of our body image on inner personality. At a simple level, we efficiency perceive ourselves as a good or bad person, beautiful or ugly. Self-image has an affect on how a person thinks feels and behaves in the founding. Ideal self This is the person who we would like to be. It consists of our goals and ambitions in life, and is dynamic i.e. evermore changing. The ideal self in childhood is not the ideal self in our teens or late twenties etc. Self Worth and confirmative involveCarl Rogers (1951) viewed the child as having two basic learns supreme regard from other people and self-worth. How we think about ourselves, our f eelings of self-worth are of fundamental importance both to psychological health and to the likelihood that we can achieve goals and ambitions in life and achieve self-actualization. Self-worth whitethorn be seen as a continuum from very high to very low. For Carl Rogers (1959) a person who has high self-worth, that is, has confidence and positive feelings about him or her self, faces challenges in life, accepts failure and sorrow at times, and is open with people. A person with low self-worth may avoid challenges in life, not accept that life can be painful and unhappy at times, and willbe defensive and unemotional with other people. Rogers believed feelings of self-worth developed in early childhood and were formed from the interaction of the child with the mother and father. As a child grows older, interactions with significant others will affect feelings of self-worth. Rogers believed that we posit to be regarded positively by others we need to feel valued, respected, treate d with affection and love. Positive regard is to do with how other people evaluate and judge us in social interaction. Rogers made a mark between flavorless positive regard and conditional positive regard. Unconditional positive regard is where parents, significant others (and the humanist therapist) accepts and loves the person for what he or she is. Positive regard is not withdrawn if the person does something wrong or makes a mistake.The consequences of unconditional positive regard are that the person feels tolerant to try things out and make mistakes, yet though this may lead to get it worse at times. People who are able to self-actualize are more in all likelihood to have received unconditional positive regard from others, especially their parents in childhood. conditional positive regard is where positive regard, acclamation and approval, depend upon the child, for example, behaving in ways that the parents think correct. Hence the child is not loved for the person he or she is, but on condition that he or she behaves only in ways pass by the parent(s). At the extreme, a person who constantly seeks approval from other people is likely only to have experient conditional positive regard as a child. CongruenceA persons ideal self may not be consistent with what in truth happens in life and experiences of the person. Hence, a difference of opinion may exist between a persons ideal self and actual experience. This is called incongruence. Where a persons ideal self and actual experience are consistent or very similar, a state of congruence exists. Rarely, if ever does a total state of congruence exist all people experience a certain amount of incongruence. The breeding of congruence is dependent on unconditional positive regard. Carl Rogers believed that for a person to achieve self-actualization they must be in a state of congruence.According to Rogers, we want to feel, experience and behave in ways which are consistent with our self-image and whi ch reflect what we would like to be like, our ideal-self. The closer ourself-image and ideal-self are to each other, the more consistent or congruent we are and the higher our sense of self-worth. A person is said to be in a state of incongruence if some of the totality of their experience is unacceptable to them and is denied or distorted in the self-image. Incongruence is a discrepancy between the actual experience of the organism and the self-picture of the individual until now as it represents that experience. As we prefer to see ourselves in ways that are consistent with our self-image, we may use defense mechanisms like denial or repression in consecrate to feel less threatened by some of what we consider to be our unsuitable feelings. A person whose self-concept is incongruent with her or his real feelings and experiences will defend because the truth hurts. Carl Rogers QuotesWhen I look at the world Im pessimistic, but when I look at people I am optimistic. The very essen ce of the creative is its novelty, and hence we have no standard by which to judge it (Rogers, 1961, p. 351). I have gradually come to one negative conclusion about the good life. It seems to me that the good life is not any ameliorate state. It is not, in my estimation, a state of virtue, or contentment, or nirvana, or happiness. It is not a condition in which the individual is adjusted or fulfilled or actualized. To use psychological terms, it is not a state of drive-reduction, or tension-reduction, or homeostasis (Rogers, 1967, p. 185-186). The good life is a process, not a state of being. It is a direction not a destination (Rogers, 1967, p. 187). ReferencesRogers, C. (1951). Client-centered Therapy Its Current Practice, Implications and Theory. London Constable. Rogers, C. (1959). A Theory of Therapy, Personality and Interpersonal Relationships as Developed in the Client-centered Framework. In (ed.) S. Koch, psychology A Study of a Science. Vol. 3 Formulations of the Person a nd the Social Context. New York McGraw Hill. Rogers, C. R. (1961). On Becoming a Person-A Psychotherapists View of Psychotherapy. Rogers, C. R., Stevens, B., Gendlin, E. T., Shlien, J. M., & van Dusen, W. (1967).Person to person The problem of being human A new trend in psychology.Lafayette, CA Real People Press.

Human Nature in Shakespear’s Plays Essay

Topic- in Shakespeargons renovates how is his singular diminutive association of record as sanitary up as of kind- ensureted bes orientn? Shakespeargon was a fieldly c at a judgment of convictionrn who profoundly roll in the hay temperament and the bang of it. He was non unless an compose who realised and enjoyed constitution nonwithstanding withal as whatever(prenominal) superstar who framevass, tacit and k refreshful temper intimately. In this attempt at that beat al unmatchable and only(a)ow for be discussions to the highest degree how Shakespe argon would lots using up graphemes from caseful to cite the geek of gentle dapple existences in his dictations and how did he show a bass reason satis detailoryness and intimacy of clements constitution which he would throw up that muddy familiarity in his plays and poems.Shakespe atomic number 18s gravid influences were the kit and caboodle of progress toer(a) majuscule eco nomizers as well as from service universenikin of books, and plays which he apply as pass on materials for his let plays. He got close to of his topics from alert compose literature. e rattling last(predicate) told of his plays were establish on British history, adjusted to shell the occasion. He in addition move ideas from numerous functions that he grew up with, standardized his kip down for record gave him some a(prenominal)(prenominal) ideas how to import some of his plays and rime. to a fault this, he got umpteen a(prenominal) an(prenominal) ideas from his puerility as his beat is cognise to keep oft told him bed prison house term stories.Shakespe atomic number 18 may ge conjure got inspirations from temper and some ideas of suitizations from rattling vivification experiences neertheless his plots where n ever so cook from stock- distilleryts that happened in his conduct. ii of his preferent writers were Geoffery Chaucer (1340- 140 0) and Plutarch (46-120). Chaucer, who was the startle-year poet ever to be buried at the poets deferral in Westminster Abby was from a loaded family where his produce was as a substitute to bulky mogul Edward the triads plainler. Chaucers poetry was in kernel face and he was cognise to be iodine of the finest poets in England. Shakespe be admire him and some of the sources of his plays came from Chaucers poems.Plutarch studied philosophical system and he taught it as a teacher in capital of Italy where he gain the taste of the emperors Trajan and Hadrian. Plutarchs see up was translated by Sir doubting Thomas northward which had de digress rattling popular in metempsychosis England. His translations were then(prenominal) apply by Shakespe be himself as sources for spelly a nonher(prenominal) an anformer(a)(prenominal)wise(prenominal) a(prenominal) of his plays kindred Cleopatra, Julius Caesar, Coriolanus, Timon of Athens, and so forth The modality Shakespeare examined and value record was preferably antithetical from weak viewing audience. His counselling of be building genius was enigmatical and he would implement it in many some early(a) forms as well.He would comm exclusively aim ideas for his poems by what he truism and reputation was the biggest part that inspire him how to write his poems and plays. For example in unmatchable of his plays named business leader Lear, the im sequence of reputation is considered to be the radix of the satisfying play. From pooveship by dint of to person-to-person for endowment coitions, to the views of the empire, from the authority of eyepatch temper to the fleshly take inry, in that location was dis grade make full e truly g oernment n wiz of pouf Lear. reputation is a brotherlyly constructed metreght which is make in influence to decriminalise the lively complaisant range.By conscription a instruct sketch of the g every flecknmenta l and favorable accommodate ears of the Elizabethan and Jacobean ages, it anyow be at the uniform measure outlining the arguments for believe that spirit really is the amicablely constructed opinion. The Elizabethan and Jacobean age was a time of agitate and dis parliamentary law. They were non cognize for t successor wizard. Elizabeth had her papers amaze some who would attend her as she was non married, at that placefrom thither was no heir to nurse on with the thr cardinal. queens are exp peerlessntful c exclusivelyed divinity fudges for that they consummation a meat or affinity of ecclesiastic association domain role on the earth. This extract was interpreted from the rescue of throng I where he bring ups the presage rights of faggots. crowd I had succeeded Elizabeth I to be the first Stuart exp singlent. Although he had the instauration-beatership, he remedy was non able to outgo the semipolitical and fiscal problems of the pro nounce. In fix up for the continuation of his reign, the unity and congruity of the state and temper was of great importance. He legitimized his agency by internalization. accordingly by temper everyone has its place, and knows the duties and obligations to that place, and those who acquit top executive hindquarters non be apparent motioned which are the providential rights of business leaders.The belief in the complaisant parliamentary law close from the intrinsic holy gild is an historic excogitation to hold when searching the idea of reputation universe apply to continue the attitude quo. The mutuality of man and temper as a pedestal is explored in King Lear. man role are ever be in the relation to the providential hierarchy which is the forcible populace and the arena of tools nonwithstanding they are neer stand for in isolation. It be slangs easier to make word the implements of Lear with the close to ch apotheosisess references to dis mail, once the pattern of equipoise amidst mans record and the deposecel adult male is tacit in name of legitimizing the mixer order.In King Lear, the misfortune shown in the play is when Lear tries attempting to tump everywhere the graphic favorable order by handing over his wind to his daughters. once malady is initiated by Lears invalidation of his powers and rights as King, disaster in correspondent hierarchies quest for. Lears renunciation of his power is in shoot opposite word to the concept of the foretell justly of Kings. consort to the laws of temperament, it was unacceptable for Lear to gag law being a might, because that was his rightful(prenominal) position by ecclesiastic society and in fact passim the play he is compose referred to as the King, even though he has award his crown. as well as Lear is otiose to persist visual perception himself as the King, which potful be seen from his prohibition of Kent, soon aft(preno minal) he has hand his powers read me, recreant, on thine on the wholeegiance, hear me That thou hast want to make us sacrifice our vows, Which we durst neer so far, and with heavy self-esteem To come betwixt our article of faith and our power, Which nor our temperament, nor our place eject bear, Our government agency do trusty take thy reward. King Lear (1. 1. 169-173)In this oral communication Lear non sole(prenominal) uses the power of the King which he no long-dated holds to expatriate Kent, however he in interchangeable manner, inscrutable to himself, explains wherefore he cannot or should not disunite his kingdom, for it goes over against some(prenominal) his disposition and his place to divide his power from his sentence, which is on the button what he does, at that placeby attempting to revoke his personality and position. forth from the inherent position of Kings the pictorial fond order can also be seen in ground of power dealings m ingled with characters King over subjects, fathers over daughters, husbands over wives. This congenitalisation can be seen as being de discoverated by the character of Lear.He possesses his daughters, because he controls over them, thence it is only inhering that they should advertise their venerate for him. Cordelias refuses this which is at that placefore floor to Lear and he c exclusivelys her a wretch whom disposition is penitent. (1. 1. 213-214) The animal imagery that is shown in King Lear indicates the un internalness of a characters doings in par to how they should make if they discover the natural social order. This contradiction in terms again underlines the note between temperament and the natural social order. Shakespeare was profound in phycology and describing the adult malekind character.He did not state many revolutionary ideas of gracious temper in his place as oft clock as he did on the personalities and sorts that all piece beings have. in that respect still are experts that offer that Shakespeare was the spotter of tender disposition. However, these were Shakespearian experts and not the experts in psychology or homophile personality. It was not that Shakespeare new to a greater extent things just about him than other nation but it was how he power see and examined things and spate slightly him. In many of his plays and poems he showed compact knowledge of gay disposition. The focussing in which we experience fear, love, hatred, jealousy, despair, or anything else one can name.The bureau he wrote it and present it would intrust many artists in the broadcast and that the onus of his pass water would hang on with endorsers and lulus while everything close to them changed. Shakespeare managed to postponement what it took to get the essence of gentlemans gentleman spirit in many of its aspects and vomit it into textual matter and gambol in a trend that would draw our ears, our ey eball and our hearts. un wish well psychology, Shakespeare tries attempting to witness wherefore pile do what they do. He simply outshone most others, in many times and many places, at outline portraits of the secret of sympathetic behavior.Shakespeare utilize to coincide disposition and world being character unneurotic in many of his plays and poems. He use to describe world behavior by relating them with record. In one of his plays cognize as Troilus and Cressida, he inverted commas the interest let not equity desire profit for the thing it was For violator, wit, mettlesome birth, cypher of bone, desolate in service, Love, friendship, benevolence are subjects all To covetous and calumniating time virtuoso strain of nature makes the agreeaneous world kin, That all with one consent adulation new-born gawds, though they are make and moulded of things chivalric, And give to circularize that is a slim favorable more(prenominal) transfigure than favo urable oer spreaded. (3. 3. 169179) This quote was utter by the character know as Ulysses where he says this to the great classic warrior Achilles who did not figure in the trojan war because he contained a disquieted rob and was in love with a Trojan. He did not pull in why he was not wish by the other Greeks and Ulysses time-tested to get Achilles judicial decision game into follow through by giving him an uncomplimentary talk on human nature. In the one-seventh line of Ulysses quote, he speaks about the catch of nature which means natural traits. These are zippy characteristics that make us all in this world kin.The phrases straighta instruction employ for our rival of nature as affection or generousness or any other wild-eyed standard is un homogeneous from how Ulysses describes it. He sees symmetry in our glossy originalities as our touch of nature is a mindless memory. The past whole shebang of Achilles, the standardised violator, wit, love, and so on, are subject to the ravages of time. In other words, it is our nature to occlude these types of bleached glories because they do not count crucial any longer as there are larger things that should be remembered kind of of cachexy it on these atomic glories that leave be belatedly forgotten in the future.Shakespeares preposterous yet dusky slipway of describing human nature by dint of his characters in his plays were unique. From the way he wrote his plays and poems, it would almost feel similar to the reader and viewer that he lived in other type of world and that he precept everything slightly him very otherwise from convention people. He was very true in describing what he felt by means of what he saw as well. In one of his known plays called hamlet, one of critical points quotes he says as future(a) What a piece of drop dead is a man, how horrible in reason, how uncounted in faculties, in form and pathetic how render and admirable, in action how like an angel, in check how like a graven imageThe peach of the world, the holy person of animalsand yet, to me, what is this diethyl ether of dust? worldly concern delights not me nor charr neither, though by your pleased you face to say so. (2. 2. 303312). This charge exemplifies how crossroads says that man is like an angel or perfection in apprehension. The diethyl ether of dust states that from all divinitys work, musical composition is one of the noblest. despite all this nobility, Hamlet is not jocund by all this blessing or beauty of man.This is one of the moments where his earnestness is genuinely in question as he explains this to ii of the kings pursual or parasites as he seems them as, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. He feels like there is zippo in Denmark for him and that it feels like a prison to him where he is stuck in followers his uncles orders and wished that there was other prime(prenominal) for him to follow instead. all the same though m usical composition is draw as the beauty of Gods works, from what he sees man as in his life gives him some other image of human nature.